This papers looks into the existing financing methods for energy efficiency with a more specific focus on the energy performance contracting (EPC) with energy service companies (ESCOs) as well as the energy service agreement (ESA) structure and assesses their capability and limitations of achieving deep refurbishments and investment scale.
The last section explores secondary markets as a means of delivering energy efficiency investments. In particular, the YieldCo model recently introduced by renewable energy developers is analysed in terms of its benefits and challenges as a financing model and its applicability for deploying energy efficiency investments.